Structs in C

Structs are a way to group variables together. They are similar to classes in other languages. In order to access the values of a struct, you can use the . operator. If you have a pointer to a struct, you can use the -> Arrow Operator (AO) to access the values.

 
# Examples
## Point Coordinates
```c
#include <stdio.h>
 
struct Point {
    int x;
    int y;
};
 
int main() {
    struct Point p;
    p.x = 10;
    p.y = 20;
 
    printf("x: %d, y: %d\n", p.x, p.y);
    return 0;
}

Linked Lists

Structs can also be used to create Linked Lists :D

#include <stdio.h>
 
struct Node {
    int data;
    struct Node* next;
};
 
int main() {
    struct Node n1, n2, n3;
    n1.data = 10;
    n2.data = 20;
    n3.data = 30;
 
    n1.next = &n2;
    n2.next = &n3;
    n3.next = NULL;
 
    struct Node* current = &n1;
    while (current != NULL) {
        printf("%d\n", current->data);
        current = current->next;
    }
 
    return 0;
}

Buffer

In the following example, we define a Buffer struct that contains a pointer to a character array, and two integers to represent the start and end indices of the buffer. We also define a function print_buffer that prints the contents of the buffer between the start and end indices.

#include <stdio.h>
 
struct Buffer {
    char *data;
    int start;
    int end;
};
 
void print_buffer(struct Buffer *b) {
    for (int i = b->start; i < b->end; i++) {
        printf("%c", b->data[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}
 
int main() {
    char data[] = "Hello, World!";
    struct Buffer b;
    b.data = data;
    b.start = 0;
    b.end = 5;
 
    print_buffer(&b);
 
    return 0;
}

As you can see above, an Arrow Operator -> is used to access struct members when using a pointer to a struct, while . is used when using the struct directly.